Contents:
Domain Structure diagrams are incorporated to clearly illustrate the relationships between all the complement proteins, both within families and between families. Notes Includes index. Includes bibliographical references and index. Electronic reproduction. Master and use copy.
Digital Library Federation, December Contents Abbreviations. Morley and M.
Walport, Introduction. Morely and M.
Walport, The Complement System. Petry and M. Loos, C1q. Lawson and K. Reid, Mannose-binding Lectin. Reid, Bovine Conglutinin. Sim, SP-A. Sim, SP-D. Thielens and G. Arlaud, C1r. Arlaud, C1s. Fujita, MASP Petersen and J. Jensenius, MASP Schifferli and S.
Morley , Mark J. He then pursued postdoctoral studies on the genomic organization of several complement genes in the Department of Immunology at the Scripps Research Institute. He returned to UAB as a member of the faculty in the Department of Microbiology and holds secondary appointments in the Department of Neurology and the Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology.
Since returning to UAB, Dr.
Barnum's research has focused primarily on the role of complement in the central nervous system. Thus, we recommend that the CLU, not Cn, be used as the abbreviation for clusterin. Properdin, discovered by Pillemer et al. Properdin recognizes and binds to the C3 convertase leading to a 5—10 fold increase in the stability of this enzyme complex Aside from increasing the half-life of the C3 convertase, properdin—after interacting with specific glycosaminoglycans—can also directly initiate complement activation on some altered self-surfaces, such as apoptotic cells, by directing C3b deposition Abbreviating properdin as FP Factor Properdin to bring it in line with FB, FD, FH, and FI, was briefly considered among the complement community but was abandoned as the overwhelming majority of publications used, and uses, the term properdin without any arising issues.
Thus, we recommend that properdin be used as the sole term. To conclude, we hope that the updates proposed here for cleavage fragments, PRMs, activation states and regulatory proteins of the complement system will enhance communication and thus understanding of both the basic complement pathways and consequences of activation or lack thereof, as well as, the newly discovered nuances of the complement system in the classroom, in research, in pharma and in the boardroom. It is hoped that the simplified uniform nomenclature of this intricate system will facilitate therapeutic development and appropriate application to the clinic.
AT initiated work. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
The recommendations provided here are proposals from the authors to the complement community and were assembled independently of established committees and boards. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Front Immunol v. Front Immunol. Published online Jun 7. Suzanne S. Andrea J. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer.
Tenner ude. This article was submitted to Molecular Innate Immunity, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology.
The Complement FactsBook, Second Edition, provides in-depth insights and an overview of the components of the complement system. This new edition. The Complement FactsBook contains entries on all components of the Complement System, including C1q and Lectins, C3 Family, Serine Proteases, Serum.
Received Apr 1; Accepted May The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author s and the copyright owner s are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Abstract In , specific recommendations for complement nomenclature were presented by the complement field. Keywords: complement, nomenclature, C1, C1q, C2, lectin pathway, collectins, clusterin.
Introduction The complement system is composed of more than 50 different molecules and cleavage products including but not limited to pattern recognition molecules PRMs , proenzymes, proteases, anaphylatoxins, opsonins, receptors, regulators, and multi-molecular complexes that are critical to host defense and maintenance of normal tissue homeostasis 1. Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Clusterin Clusterin is a multifunctional glycoprotein known in the complement field as binding to C5b-9 complexes sequestering soluble C5b-9 to prevent host membrane interaction and thus cell and tissue damage Properdin Properdin, discovered by Pillemer et al.
Author Contributions AT initiated work. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Footnotes Funding. References 1. Ricklin D, Lambris JD. Complement in immune and inflammatory disorders: pathophysiological mechanisms. J Immunol. Harboe M, Mollnes TE. The alternative complement pathway revisited. J Cell Mol Med. Novel mechanisms and functions of complement. Nat Immunol. Kemper C, Kohl J.