The Arthurian Handbook (2nd Edition)
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Contents:
It is particularly rich in 19th-century and early 20th-century materials.
King Arthur Aloud offers audio files of readings from medieval Arthurian literature in Welsh, French, German, and English, in a scholarly reconstruction of the original pronunciation. Norris J.
Lacy, ed. A note about editions and translations : An edition of a medieval work is usually a printed presentation of the text as found in one manuscript, with a few changes where the editor feels that the scribe misinterpreted a word. Sometimes the editor will include important variants from other manuscripts that is, extra lines or changed lines that make sense. Some editions attempt to give all variants from all available manuscripts.
Matthews, Samantha. Paton was a student of Loomis you will note he wrote a preface and an afterword to the second edition. Novelists have continued to retell the tales for both adults and children. Lupack, Alan, and Barbara Tepa Lupack. London and New York: I. Response 2 Due. Ford, Patrick K.
A translation into English will follow a certain style which may or may not convey the flavor of the original. For example, if verse is translated into prose, it will lose its sparkle; but if the original is very difficult verse or poor-quality verse, the prose translation may seem ideal for a reader who wants to get the gist of the story.
Most online translations are public domain, i. Latin prose.
Giles Gildas does not mention Arthur but his description of the political situation and the Battle of Badon became part of the story of Arthur. Nennius, Historia Brittonum History of the Britons, 9th c. Giles ; the Arthurian passage , trans. John Morris This is the earliest appearance of the Arthur who became King Arthur. Annales Cambriae Welsh Annals, 10th c.
Online English translation by James Ingram ; facsimile of first page including the two Arthur references from British Library Harley The Mabinogion, 11th. Mabinogion , trans. A preface to the life of St. Goeznovius tells how Arthur fought the Saxons. Over the next century, long narrative poems and tales romances and some shorter poems lais were written about the adventures of various knights.
In some of them, Arthur is just a casual character; in others, hie plays a vital role. Geoffrey of Monmouth, History of the Kings of Britain ca. Lewis Thorpe —great list of names Penguin, ; or else tr. Both of these were called Brut , for Brutus, the eponymous leader of the first humans to inhabit Britain. No-one is quite sure what a Breton lay or lai is, but evidently it involved a fairly short versified narrative or song made up on traditional subjects or new ones by singer-authors who performed them, probably traveling from one court to another but possibly sometimes attached to a particular lord.
None of these have survived in Breton, but there are medieval French and Middle English works which claim to be translations of these stories from Brittany or Wales. It is assumed that many Arthurian stories developed through being retold in lais. Marie de France 2nd half 12th c. Her lais Lanval and Chevrefueil portray Arthur and Tristan, respectively.
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See The Lais of Marie de France , tr. Online verse translation by Judy Shoaf. Russell Weingartner Garland, French versions, none of which have survived whole in their original form, into a coherent and pleasing narrative. Alan S. Fedrick Penguin —includes the two short poems lais about Tristan playing the fool. Eilhart von Oberge, Tristrant ca.
Thomas U. Gottfried von Strassburg, Tristan and Isolde ca. The Saga of Tristram and Isond , tr. Paul Schach U. The Tristan Legend D. Brewer, This French poet is sometimes credit with having invented the genre of the Arthurian romance. The first French romances were lengthy narratives in verse couplets, making them easy to compose, remember, and copy accurately so long as the dialect of the copyist pronounced the rhyme words the same way. By the 13th century, it was more common to compose French Arthurian romances in prose, but verse romances in various styles remained popular in English up into the 14th century.
Anthologies and Reference
Press, — Arthurian Romances , tr. William W. Including Perceval, tr.
Cliges , tr. Achievements Add photo. Membership Add photo.
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Awards Add photo. Other Photos Add photo. Connections Add photo. Routledge is an imprint of Taylo Reading Fabliaux First published in Lacy, Geoffrey Ashe, Debra N. Reading Fabliaux by Norris J. The Arthurian Handbook by Norris J.
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