Next-generation video coding and streaming

Next-generation video coding and streaming

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Codecs are used to digitally compress the video. To shrink a video into a more manageable size, content distributors use a video compression technology called a codec. Codecs allow us to tightly compress a bulky video for delivery and storage. The video is shrunk down for storage and transmission, and later decompressed for viewing. Streaming employs both audio and video codecs.

With Content Fabric, Eluvio Might Transform Online Video Delivery

AAC is the most common audio codec. Once compressed, the components of a stream are packaged into a wrapper or file format. These files contain the audio codec, video codec, closed captioning, and any associated metadata. Common containers include. Containers can often input multiple types of codecs. That said, not all playback platforms accept all containers and codecs.

For example: a. But the. A codec acts upon the video, both at the source to compress it and before playback to decompress it. This is done through lossy compression, during which any unnecessary data is discarded.

Books Kinokuniya: Next-Generation Video Coding and Streaming / Bing, Benny ()

Lossy compression is a lot like Wonkavision in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. It makes a large collection of data smaller for transport to your screen:. A video container format , on the other hand, stores the video codec, audio codec, and metadata such as subtitles or preview images. The container holds all the components together and determines which programs can accept the stream. Streaming to a variety of devices starts with encoding the video with a variety of codecs. Please enter recipient e-mail address es.

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VVC Video Codec – The Next Generation Codec

Allow this favorite library to be seen by others Keep this favorite library private. Find a copy in the library Finding libraries that hold this item Next-generation video coding and streaming. Hoboken : John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Motion vectors The hybrid block-based coding used by the new codec is the same as the one used in earlier video-coding stan- Motion estimation dards. The dif- ference between the predicted result and original video data is subsequent- ly coded by applying block transforms and quantization.

In this way, a block can be represented by just a few non- zero coeficients.

Quantized transform coeficients, motion vectors, prediction directions, block modes and other types of information are encoded with lossless entropy coding. Hybrid block-based cod- ing is illustrated in Figure 1. Every CTU is the root of a quadtree, which can be further divided into leaf- level coding units CUs , as illustrated in Figure 2. Motion-compensated prediction for luma transform blocks is performed with up to quarter-pixel precision, whereas motion compensa- tion for color components is performed with one-eighth-of-a-pixel precision.

Interpolation for fractional pixel posi- tions uses 8-tap ilters for luma blocks and 4-tap ilters for color. In HEVC there is a single entropy coder for low-level data. Higher-level infor- Asymmetric motion partitions are shown in the bottom row. HEVC deines two in-loop ilters: a contain a quadtree structure.

Each units of unequal width or height, as deblocking ilter and a sample adaptive CU contains one or more prediction par- illustrated in Figure 3. The latter is applied to titions that are predicted independent- The size of the prediction blocks in the output of the deblocking ilter, and ly of each other.

Large to samples that fulill certain criteria. Deblocking form square or rectangular shapes, prediction blocks and transforms can iltering in HEVC is less complex than which is also the case with earlier stan- be used to achieve precision in areas that of H. HEVC also supports something that contain iner detail. This constraint, togeth- called asymmetric motion partitioning, The HEVC speciication covers more er with iltering decisions and opera- which can split the CU into prediction intra-prediction modes than H.

Gray areas Parallel processing indicate CTUs that have already been decoded To make the most of the increasingly widespread use of multi-core proces- CTU sors, plus the ever-growing number of cores used in consumer-class proces- sors, signiicant attention was paid to the parallelization characteristics of video encoding and decoding when designing HEVC. As it is computation- ally more complex than its predecessor, maximizing parallelization has been a key factor in making HEVC an efi- cient real-time encoding and decoding solution.

Several HEVC tools have been designed for easy parallelization.

R o w b o u n d a ri e s Re-initialization of the coder at the start of each row makes it possible to begin CTU decoding a row before the processing of the preceding row has been complet- tile 4 tile 5 tile 6 ed. Thus, as shown in the example in Figure 4, several rows can be decod- ed in parallel in several threads with a delay of two CTUs between two consec- utive rows.

The CTUs are pro- p at 50 or 60fps is possible on fast implementations capable of decod- cessed in a raster scan order within desktop and laptop computers, running ing HEVC without hardware accel- each tile, and the tiles themselves are on a single core. Performance increas- eration can easily be downloaded to processed in the same way. Prediction es with multiple core implementations smartphones, tablets and PCs, enabling based on neighboring tiles is disabled, hardware acceleration , so that a mod- mobile TV, streaming and download ser- and so the processing of each tile is inde- ern smartphone is capable of p vices on existing devices.

To this end, pendent. In-loop ilters, however, can decoding at 25 or 30fps8. However, as it is bet- dently inside each tile, and tile bound- able for the compression of all kinds ter to perform encoding on hardware aries can be processed by in-loop ilters of video. The focus for the irst version and as HEVC is computationally more in a inal pass.

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