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The following served as Treasurer: William B. Astor , Daniel Lord, Jr. Cruger , Edward King The Astor Library was directed by its Superintendent and Librarian. Joseph Cogswell was chosen as the first Superintendent of the Astor Library by the Trustees in and served until Cogswell's successors as Superintendent were Francis Schroeder , Dr. Edward Richard Straznicky , J.
Carson Brevoort and Robbins Little Beginning in , the Superintendent was assisted by a Librarian, Frederick Saunders, who served until Cogswell made his first purchase for John Jacob Astor in at the auction of the library of Major D. When the Astor Library opened to the public in , the collection had grown to 80, volumes purchased by Cogswell in the United States and abroad, through book dealers and at auction.
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By , the Astor held over , volumes, making it the largest reference library in the New York metropolitan area. From to , the Astor library had temporary quarters at 32 Bond Street. The Astor Library building, designed by Alexander Saelzer and located on Astor land on Lafayette Place in lower Manhattan, opened to the public in At that time, the shelves were at almost full capacity with 80, volumes.
An extension added to the north opened in This North Building or Hall accommodated books and readers in history and literature. Books and readers in science and the industrial arts remained in the original building, referred to as the South Building or Hall. In a second extension, adjacent to the North, was opened, and this more than doubled the capacity of the Library to a potential , volumes.
The main entrance to the Library moved from the South Hall to the Middle Hall formerly the North Hall which was altered to hold the catalog and exhibits as well as administrative and book-storage space. The new North Hall and the South Hall both housed large reading rooms and books. The Astor Library was open to the public during the day on weekdays and Saturdays. Most readers reported to a main desk to request books which were then paged from the shelves. Some readers, usually scholars, were granted the privilege of being alcove readers, and they had full access to alcoves of books devoted to specific topics.
As an institution funded by a single family, the Astor Library faced financial difficulties from its beginning.
In , it entered into talks to consolidate with the Tilden Trust. Beginning in , the library was opened on Sundays and during the summer.
In , in a further effort toward democratization, alcove readers privileges were revoked, and all readers had to apply at the desk for books. In , evening hours were added. Soon after consolidation, books were transferred between the Astor and Lenox buildings, with the Astor Building housing general literature, scientific books and serials, and duplicates. The Astor Library building finally closed to readers on April 15, , shortly before the opening of the new Central Building on Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street.
The Astor Library records span the years , with the bulk dating from the period They consist of handwritten, typed, and printed documents. The records are arranged in four series: I.
Administration, II. Collections, III. Readers, IV. Each series is further divided by adminstrative function and type of record. Administration records include correspondence, annual reports, notebooks, and historical material pertaining to the Astor Library. Materials in the Collections series include acquisition records, book orders, catalogs, periodicals registers and want lists.
Finance records consist of correspondence, statements, checks, bank books, and similar fiscal documents. Readers records include registers of library users with statistics on books consulted and subject lists.
The Wentworth Woodhouse Library, and J. Kohler, Antiquarian Bookseller. Bigger and more daunting than those used in modern libraries, these desks spanned almost the width of the lobby and acted as a physical and psychological barrier between the front entrance and the book room. Engineers, Founders and Machinists, ; So. Autograph Letter Signed "Jesse W. Box 8 Dr. No two persons will have the same list of dealers and catalogues.
This series includes the pamphlet text of the Astor incorporation act and an reprint with the Library's by-law, rules, and regulations. Also included are printed annual reports issued by the Library from its incorporation to its consolidation with the Lenox Library and the Tilden Trust.
There are multiple copies for some years. General Correspondence is sorted by year and includes incoming letters and mail, invoices, clippings and related papers. There is no correspondence for the years , and Saunders' Letter Copybooks contain transfer-process copies of Saunders' outgoing correspondence. There are no letter copybooks for his early years at the Astor.
Lists for Distributions of Annual Reports give the names of institutions and individuals to whom annual reports were mailed. There are lists for , , , , and , as well as one undated list.
The Stock Account Book gives stock counts of the printed Astor Library catalog and lists the names of institutions purchasing it. The and Lists for Distributions of Annual Reports include stock accounts of the new Nelson catalog. Saunders' Notebooks are his memo books containing notations of daily tasks. Historical Material comprises scrapbook albums on the Astor Library's history compiled by Saunders and an essay by Albert F.
Series consists of records pertaining to the Astor Library collections and includes various lists and catalogs. It is divided into five subseries: A. Acquisitions , B. Catalogs , C. Periodicals , D. Pamphlets , E. Unsorted Volumes Note that some records related to acquisitions and catalogs may be found in the Unsorted Volumes subseries. Some records pertaining particularly to the maintenance of books in the collections may be found in the Periodicals subseries. The Daily Record gives the author, title, volume, reader, and sometimes the reader's address for each book consulted for each day of the Astor Libary's operations from to There are separate volumes of records for the South and North buildings, with no record for the North Building for the years and The Diary of Subjects gives a daily listing of books used by subject, with monthly tallies of use at the end of each volume.
There are separate volumes for the South and North buildings. Alcove Readers are volumes including the subjects and signatures of alcove readers for each day of library operation. There are separate volumes for the South and North buildings to , the South Building's records beginning in There is no volume for the North Building for Milligan , Toronto, Can. To teach without such an atlas is to half do it. Hill , Montreal, Can. Henson , D.
Lorimer , D. Harrington , D. Basil Manly , Louisville, Ky. The sacred book of the Mohammedans is not only a curiosity from a literary point of view, but is also useful in showing how far inferior to the Bible both in spirit and in teaching is the most popular substitute which man has ever offered therefor. It contains chapters varying in length from a few lines to many pages. This is an excellent translation, is clearly printed on good paper and nicely bound in cloth.
Costs but little and should be in every library. Will interest all intelligent readers. Figures in shining garments haunt its recesses. Prayers of deep devotion, sublime confidence and noble benediction, echo in its ancient tongue. Sentiments of lofty courage, of high resolve, of infantile tenderness, of far-seeing prudence, fall from the lips of venerable sages.
No less practicable would it be to stray with an opposite intention, and to extract venom, instead of honey, from the flowers that seem to spring up in self-sown profusion. A large portion of the narrative and historical literature of the great civil war has a profound interest for every patriot as well as for every soldier.