F-16I Sufa in IAF Service (new and updated edition)

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The other two aircraft used on the raid were FCs, which would be the last aircraft on target.

In addition to air-to-ground weaponry, the Eagles flew with AIM-7 Sparrows and their 20mm cannon magazines topped off with rounds rounds in the D model , just in case an aerial threat materialized. The jets, which had all their identifying marks stripped off before the mission, made it to their targets undetected. As the first wave of three Bazs approached the coastline they launched their weapons and obtained perfect results, with the second trio launching theirs GBUs shortly after. The flight lead then joined with the final pair of FCs after the first 5 jets turned back towards the east, their wing stations now empty.

He then push into the target area with the last two FCs for their bomb runs, working as a spotter and taking photos of the damage for later assessment. Almost every weapon hit their intended target, obliterating the PLO headquarters totally. For the IAF, the mission was a massive success, obliterating the briefed targets and killing large amounts of PLO personnel IAF claimed around 60 PLO personnel were killed, while others claimed the death rate to be in the hundreds.

The attacks resulted in broad international condemnation, even from the US, although for the Israelis the message they wanted to send to the world could not have been clearer. They were envisioned to carry everything from fuel to cargo, although the majority of these concepts never made it to fruition. The IAF on the other hand saw the great utility in these conformal fuel tanks, not just to enhance range, but to make their air superiority focused Bazs true multi-role heavy fighters.

This allows for the Baz to fly missions with a pair of underwing tanks and even a centerline tank while still being able execute air-to-ground missions. By many accounts, they we integral in giving the aircraft flown on Operation Wooden Leg enough range to make the mission possible, as their two wing stations were filled with one GBU each, and their centerline station was fitted with the data-link pod needed to control these weapons. As a result, there was no room for external tanks aside from the FAST packs.

Additionally, fuel is not the only thing they carry. Sensors and emitters can also be fitted within them, giving the Baz a whole range of secondary mounting options beyond just its stock hardpoints.

F-16I Sufa in Israeli Air Force Service

Exactly what happened to these aircraft remains unclear. During this same time period, much like its once Fleet Defender turned attack aircraft naval counterpart, the F Tomcat, the Baz fleet received small upgrades enhancing its ability to attack ground targets. Still, the Popeye used a similar, demanding control interface as the GBU and it was an expensive and powerful weapon. Nonetheless, it made the Baz fleet more capable of striking targets deep in highly defended enemy territory than ever before.

The Python 4 high-off-boresight short-range air-to-air missile and the Elbit DASH helmet mounted sight were introduced into the fleet as well. The Baz also saw air-to-ground combat once again during Operation Accountability on July 25, , striking Hezbollah targets in Lebanon. This was the first time the Baz had hit targets in the regional defense role, something that would become a bread and butter mission for the big fighter in the new millennium.

This is very similar as to how the signing of the Egypt-Israeli peace treaty opened the door to the F for the IAF about a decade and a half earlier. Price was a major issue surrounding the Strike Eagle purchase. The fact that unique Israeli sub-systems would need to be integrated into the Strike Eagle design only made procuring large amounts of the jets more cost prohibitive. Israel even looked at buying used Fs Aardvarks instead of the Strike Eagle, along with more Fs, as a way to get more value for their dollar.

After closely examining F operations at RAF Lakenheath in England, they realized the maintenance required for the swing-wing bombers would be prohibitive. Also, the F had very little ability to defend itself against enemy fighters, so it would still rely on the F to get its job done. In the end, a total of just 25 of the Strike Eagle derivatives would be ordered and they would become the most capable fighter in IAF service.

At one time, this version was incorrectly thought to have been designated "FU". Falcon Edge, which was developed by Northrop Grumman specifically for the Block 60, is capable of showing not only the bearing of any threat but also the range. This has the added benefit of freeing up hardpoints for weapons that otherwise would have been occupied by underwing fuel tanks.

According to press reports quoted by Flight International , this is "the first time the US has sold a better aircraft [F] overseas than its own forces fly". In the UAE requested an upgrade to Block 61, along with the purchase of 30 more aircraft at that level.

Air Force and several international customers for future improvements. The "Viper" program does not include the F Block 60 features.

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This can be fitted on new production Fs or retrofitted on existing ones. The upgrade of its aircraft fleet started in January and is expected to complete by The sale will automatically be approved if no objection raised by Congress within 30 days. Begun in , airframes were modified. Avionics were upgraded including the addition of an Identification friend or foe IFF interrogator with "bird-slicing" IFF antennas , and a spotlight fitted forward and below the cockpit, for night-time identification.

Beginning in , these aircraft began to be replaced by newer FC variants. By , only the North Dakota ANG was flying this variant, with these last examples retired by The first of five prototype conversions flew on 28 April , and installation of production kits began in January The original plans called for the production of kits for Belgium, 63 for Denmark, for the Netherlands, 57 for Norway, and for the USAF , however, final orders amounted to only kits 72 for Belgium, 61 for Denmark, for the Netherlands, and 56 for Norway.

Portugal later joined the program and the first of 20 aircraft was redelivered on 26 June , with another 20 going through the update incountry at this time. Development of new software and hardware modifications continues under the MLU program. A total of M3 kits 72 for Belgium, 59 for Denmark, 57 for Norway, and for the Netherlands were ordered for delivery from —; installation is anticipated to be completed in A M4 tape has also been developed that adds the ability to use additional weapons and the Pantera targeting pod; Norway began conducting flying combat operations in Afghanistan with these upgraded aircraft in A M5 tape is in development that will enable employment of a wider array of the latest smart weapons, and the first aircraft upgraded with it are due to be delivered in In tape M7 was implemented.

The U. These aircraft were delivered in — Due to the high stress of constant combat training, the wings of these aircraft began to crack and the Navy announced their retirement in As adversary aircraft, the Navy's FNs were notable for their colorful appearance. Most Navy FN aircraft were painted in a three-tone blue-gray "ghost" scheme.

TOPGUN had some of the more colorful ones: a three-color desert scheme, a light blue one and a green splinter camouflage version with Marine Corps markings. VF also had a unique blue example.

In Need Of A Game Changing Fighter

The first FCJ serial number was delivered on 7 May The first aircraft were delivered to Hellenic Air Force in May and they are flying with the Squadron " Tiger " in Araxos air base. An initial "Peace Marble V" contract was signed on 14 January with a follow-on contract signed on 19 December , for a total procurement of aircraft.

Elbit Systems produced the aircraft's helmet-mounted sight , head-up display HUD , mission and presentation computers, and digital map display. Two FA Block 15 aircraft were modified to this configuration. Envisioned as a successor to the A , the type was to have received the 'Block 60' designation; however, the A never went into production due to a 26 November Congressional directive to the US Air Force mandating that it retain two wings of As.

The vibration from the gun when firing proved so severe as to make both aiming and flying the aircraft difficult, and trials were suspended after two days. The aircraft were common with the regular Fs. However they were equipped with an extra panel in the cockpit to control the center line mounted pod. Under the MLU program a more standardized interface was introduced so every aircraft could be used to operate the Orpheus pod or any other pod with the standardized interface. Beginning in , the Belgian Air Force replaced its own Mirage 5BR reconnaissance aircraft with at least a dozen FA R equipped with loaned Orpheus pods and Vinten cameras from the Mirages; these were replaced with more capable Per Udsen modular recce pods from — The FA R remained primarily combat aircraft with a secondary reconnaissance role.

The first reconnaissance variant was a USAF FD experimentally configured in with a centerline multi-sensor bathtub-style pod; it was referred to as "F Recce" and not "RFD" as it has sometimes been misreported. During the mids, the U. Air Force experimented with a series of centerline recce pod designs, beginning with a prototype pod, the Electro-Optical 1 EO-1 pod. This was followed by four "Richmond recce pods", which saw service in the Balkans. The CCV concept entails "decoupling" the aircraft's flight control surfaces so that they can operate independently. This approach enables unusual maneuvers such as being able to turn the airplane without banking it.

The ability to maneuver in one plane without simultaneously moving in another was seen as offering novel tactical performance capabilities for a fighter. The CCV YF design featured twin pivoting ventral fins mounted vertically underneath the air intake, and its triply redundant fly-by-wire FBW flight control system FCS was modified to permit use of flaperons on the wings' trailing edges which would act in combination with an all-moving stabilator.

The fuel system was redesigned to enable adjustment of the aircraft's center of gravity by transferring fuel from one tank to another. The CCV aircraft achieved its first flight on 16 March The flight test program ran until 30 June , and was marred only by a hard landing on 24 June that delayed testing until repairs were effected. This joint USAF and NASA remotely piloted program used canards and other research technologies like synthetic vision with a lightweight composite structure that helped it to achieve high performance goals such as sustaining an 8-g turn.

Two vehicles were built by Rockwell International and were flown from to , for a total of 26 B drop-test missions at Dryden. General Dynamics was one of several U.

The FXL featured a novel 'cranked-arrow' type of delta wing with more than twice the area of the standard F wing. Developed under a program originally known as the Supersonic Cruise and Maneuvering Program SCAMP , the design was intended to offer low drag at high subsonic or supersonic speeds without compromising low-speed maneuverability. As a result, the FXL can cruise efficiently at supersonic speeds without use of an afterburner. The rear fuselage was also canted up by three degrees to increase the angle of attack on takeoff and landing.

In late , the two prototypes were taken out of storage and turned over to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA for use in a program designed to evaluate aerodynamic concepts for improving laminar airflow over the wing during sustained supersonic flight. From —99, both aircraft were used by NASA for several experimental research programs, and in , NASA was considering returning the single-seat FXL to operational status for further aeronautical research.

Navy, and NASA. Calspan , a subcontractor to GD, fitted a Block 30 FD belonging to Wright Labs with a center stick in addition to the sidestick controller , a new computer, and a digital flight control system that allowed it to imitate, to a degree, the performance of other aircraft.

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