Nanotechnology Safety

Safety of Nanotechnology in Food Industries

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It is called drowning.

In this section:

The risk of drowning stands very high, typically in the UK at deaths per year. Also, excessive oral intake of water can lead to water intoxication. Indeed, a medical condition known as dilutional hyponatremia results from drinking excessive amounts of water and can lead to brain damage and stroke.

So is water toxic? Surely it is not "safe".

How to use nanotechnology safely in construction and demolition

Should we ban or heavily regulate shipping or swimming or punting then, because the risk of drowning increases dramatically when on water. Should we regulate the accessibility of water in our homes, because it can potentially kill? What if we then try to extrapolate about the safety of carbon nanofibres in our tennis rackets and bicycle frames?

How toxic are they? Are we prepared to balance the risks from exposure to such new nanomaterials against the benefits from useful products we get in return?

NANOPARTICLE RISK

Next time you hear or read about a nanoparticle being toxic, dangerous, unsafe, my advice is to ignore the sensationalism and focus on the use to which that material or technology will be put. If carbon or gold nanomaterials will be used in medicine, they will be subject to a battery of tests and a series of regulatory inspections and approvals to maximise protection of the patient. These will include clinical trials lasting around a decade to determine first and foremost the safety and efficacy of such technologies, so you can rest assured that most problems will become apparent.

Having said that, I believe patients in a critical condition might want to try less proven, riskier technologies, and if at all possible these should be made available to them.

Resources for Nanotechnology Laboratory Safety

Extending the life of someone with a brain tumour by six months can be such a significant achievement it may justify the use of "unsafe" technologies. If on the other hand the same technology is used as a window cleaning product or as an additive in the fizzy drink our child likes to consume, then we may want to be more careful and minimise all potential risks. Better still, we might encourage them to give up fizzy drinks altogether. One of the most difficult challenges of the human condition is sharing our different realities. What is safe for me may be very dangerous for you and vice versa.

What may be unsafe for an NGO with an environmentalist "reality", may be a safe, essential tool for an oncologist or a neurosurgeon in their clinical "reality". Radiation is just such a case. Nanomaterials can also cross the skin and possibly reach other organs. There are indicators that particles can accumulate around hair follicles and when the follicle opens, the particles can reach deeper levels.

There is also some animal study evidence that the nanomaterials may be able to enter the body though nerves, usually the olfactory nerves and bulbs in the nose the "nerves of smell" , and move along the axons and neurons of the central nervous system. While this area is not as well researched, early studies have shown nanomaterials tend to pass through the gastrointestinal GI tract and are eliminated quickly.

Again, this effect is dependent on the properties of the specific nanomaterial. As with any process, workers can be exposed through the manufacturing process, use and handling, as well as the maintenance and clean up of the equipment. Control measures can be implemented using the hierarchy of control principles. First, try to eliminate the exposure. If you are unable to eliminate the exposure, then engineering solutions should be investigated including ventilation and source enclosures. NIOSH states that "current knowledge indicates that a well-designed exhaust ventilation system with a high-efficiency particulate air HEPA filter should effectively remove nanomaterials".

Risk management basics

Education and training in safe handling is essential. Separate eating rooms and change facilities are good options. While personal protective equipment PPE is being studied to determine if current models offer adequate protection from nanomaterials, use of such equipment can be considered as part of a complete health and safety risk management program. Health monitoring may also be considered. If nanomaterials are used in your facility, make the effort to find and understand the most current research in this area. NIOSH encourages workplaces where employees may be exposed to engineered nanomaterials to:.

Add a badge to your website or intranet so your workers can quickly find answers to their health and safety questions.

Om SwedNanoTech

Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy, currency and completeness of the information, CCOHS does not guarantee, warrant, represent or undertake that the information provided is correct, accurate or current. CCOHS is not liable for any loss, claim, or demand arising directly or indirectly from any use or reliance upon the information.

OSH Answers Fact Sheets Easy-to-read, question-and-answer fact sheets covering a wide range of workplace health and safety topics, from hazards to diseases to ergonomics to workplace promotion. Search all fact sheets: Search. Type a word, a phrase, or ask a question. To give you an idea of the scale of nanomaterials: A piece of paper is about , nm thick.

A human hair is about 70, to 80, nm. A red blood cell is about 7, nm.

Nanotechnology | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

A virus is about 10 to nm. Common uses currently include: Computer hard drives which use the magnetic properties of nanomaterials to store more data on much smaller devices. Automotive applications such as rechargeable battery systems, sensors, or catalytic converters on cars. Lightweight ballistic energy deflection for personal body armour. Transportation, aviation and space travel, especially the ability to create lighter weight materials.

Agriculture and nutrition systems. Water filtration systems. Sunscreens and cosmetics. The following questions link to resources that provide safety and health information relevant to nanotechnology. What OSHA standards apply? What is nanotechnology and its current and potential applications? What are potential health effects and workplace controls related to nanotechnology? What are the health and safety research priorities for nanotechnology? Where can I find additional information?

OSHA's role is to help ensure these conditions for America's working men and women by setting and enforcing standards, and providing training, education and assistance.

For more information, visit www. The Department of Labor does not endorse, takes no responsibility for, and exercises no control over the linked organization or its views, or contents, nor does it vouch for the accuracy or accessibility of the information contained on the destination server. The Department of Labor also cannot authorize the use of copyrighted materials contained in linked Web sites.

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