Contents:
The Great Cowboy Strike. Mark Lause.
Lawmen of the Old West. Del Cain.
West Like Lightning. Jim DeFelice. Jason Wallace. Assault on the Deadwood Stage. Humbugs and Heroes. Richard Dillon. Scandals and Scoundrels from the Old West. The Jeffersonian Republicans. James Lincoln Collier. Citizens and Assassins. Julie Peavey Alexander. Flags of the United States. Cherokee Thoughts. Robert J. Women of the Catskills.
Richard Heppner. Bloody Bill Longley. Rick Miller.
The Pocket Guide to Brilliance. Bart King. A Hanging in Nacogdoches. Gary B. Man-Hunters of the Old West. Browser's Book of Texas Quotations. Steven A. A Treasury of Iowa Tales.
Webb Garrison. Wyoming's Outlaw Trail. Mac Blewer. Trivial Facts About America. Melissa Cassel. Odd Wisconsin. Erika Janik. Jesse James. Adam Woog.
James Mascia. The Sweat of Their Brow. Zachary Chastain. More Tales behind the Tombstones. Ethan Koch.
Little-Known Facts About America. Thomas Fleming. Kansas Triumphs, Tragedies, and Transitions. Robert Collins. It Happened in Arizona, 2nd. James A. The Way West. My Life and An Era. Oftentimes, these settings appear deserted and without much structure. Apart from the wilderness, it is usually the saloon that emphasizes that this is the Wild West : it is the place to go for music raucous piano playing , women often prostitutes , gambling draw poker or five card stud , drinking beer or whiskey , brawling and shooting.
In some Westerns, where civilization has arrived, the town has a church, a general store, a bank and a school; in others, where frontier rules still hold sway, it is, as Sergio Leone said, "where life has no value". The American Film Institute defines Western films as those "set in the American West that [embody] the spirit, the struggle and the demise of the new frontier.
Protagonists ride between dusty towns and cattle ranches on their trusty steeds. Western films were enormously popular in the silent film era With the advent of sound in , the major Hollywood studios rapidly abandoned Westerns, [10] leaving the genre to smaller studios and producers. These smaller organizations churned out countless low-budget features and serials in the s. By the late s, the Western film was widely regarded as a "pulp" genre in Hollywood, but its popularity was dramatically revived in by major studio productions such as Dodge City starring Errol Flynn , Jesse James with Tyrone Power , Union Pacific with Joel McCrea , Destry Rides Again featuring James Stewart and Marlene Dietrich , and the release of John Ford's landmark Western adventure Stagecoach , which became one of the biggest hits of the year.
Released through United Artists, Stagecoach made John Wayne a mainstream screen star in the wake of a decade of headlining B westerns. Wayne had been introduced to the screen ten years earlier as the leading man in director Raoul Walsh 's widescreen The Big Trail , which failed at the box office, due in part to exhibitors' inability to switch over to widescreen during the Depression.
After the Western's renewed commercial successes in the late s, the popularity of the Western continued to rise until its peak in the s, when the number of Western films produced outnumbered all other genres combined. Western films often depict conflicts with Native Americans. While early Eurocentric Westerns frequently portray the "Injuns" as dishonorable villains, the later and more culturally neutral Westerns gave Native Americans a more sympathetic treatment. Other recurring themes of Westerns include Western treks e.
The Big Trail or perilous journeys e. Stagecoach or groups of bandits terrorising small towns such as in The Magnificent Seven. Or revisionist westerns like I Walk the Line depict sheriffs dueling.
Early Westerns were mostly filmed in the studio, as in other early Hollywood films, but when location shooting became more common from the s, producers of Westerns used desolate corners of Arizona , California , Colorado , Kansas , Montana , Nevada , New Mexico , Oklahoma , Texas , Utah , or Wyoming. These settings gave filmmakers the ability to depict vast plains, looming mountains and epic canyons.
Productions were also filmed on location at movie ranches. Often, the vast landscape becomes more than a vivid backdrop; it becomes a character in the film. After the early s, various wide screen formats such as Cinemascope and VistaVision used the expanded width of the screen to display spectacular Western landscapes. John Ford 's use of Monument Valley as an expressive landscape in his films from Stagecoach to Cheyenne Autumn "present us with a mythic vision of the plains and deserts of the American West, embodied most memorably in Monument Valley, with its buttes and mesas that tower above the men on horseback, whether they be settlers, soldiers, or Native Americans".
Author and screenwriter Frank Gruber described seven plots for Westerns: [12] [13]. Gruber said that good writers used dialogue and plot development to develop these basic plots into believable stories. In the s and s, the Western was reinvented with the revisionist Western. Fenin and William K. Everson point out that the "Edison company had played with Western material for several years prior to The Great Train Robbery. So popular was the genre that he soon faced competition from Tom Mix and William S.
The film is filled with bizarre characters and occurrences, use of maimed and dwarf performers, and heavy doses of Christian symbolism and Eastern philosophy.
For updates, call Hawks and Wayne strategically play out a similar situation much differently. We have kept it. Armed with rifles and bolstered by a small cannon at Plymouth, the settlers established an antislavery presence that helped bring "Bleeding Kansas" into the Union as a free state. He was re-elected in and and then was voted in as mayor in Pioche had a terrible fire in , and the Overland burned down.
Rosenbaum describes the Acid Western as "formulating a chilling, savage frontier poetry to justify its hallucinated agenda"; ultimately, he says, the Acid Western expresses a counterculture sensibility to critique and replace capitalism with alternative forms of exchange.