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External examinations will be held at the end of every semester. There shall be a basic unit of 50 students, with a maximum of two units. There shall not be more than 25 twenty five students per teacher for a school subject for methods courses and other practical activities of the programme to facilitate participatory teaching and learning. The University shall conduct the semester-end examination for the B.
The marks secured by a student-teacher will be converted into a letter grade. The grade points are the numerical equivalent of letter grade assigned to a student as shown in Table 1. In order to bring about objectivity and transparency and to avoid misuse of internal assessment, there shall be a Moderation Committee to verify the record maintained by students and check the marks awarded by the teachers internally and externally. The Committee to be nominated by the Vice Chancellor of Manipur University will consist of the Chairman, one head examiner, twomembers of the BSD of Teacher Education of Manipur University and two experienced members having at least 5 year experience of teaching in Teacher Education Institutions.
The Committee shall be vested with the powers to modify the marks awarded by the internal and external examiners. The two-year B. A student-teacher can choose Pedagogy Disciplinary stream and Pedagogy Teaching of subject from any one of the combinations shown in Table 4. However, student-teachers choosing an additional Pedagogy Teaching of subject instead of optional courses must have studied the concerned subject in Graduation or Post-graduation level.
Note: Choosing of Optional Course or Pedagogy Teaching of subject by the candidates is subject to availability of the course in the concerned B. Tasks, assignments and unit tests Remarks 50 Tasks and assignments as suggested for the course. OC Art Education 20 80 B. OC Guidance and Counseling 20 80 B. OC Special Education 20 80 B. OC Education for Peace 20 80 B. Ed Course of Study R. Sanatombi Devi College of Education. Apply Online. Categories No categories. Student-teachers who do not pass in any one or more than one course in the first attempt will not be considered for ranking.
Only two subsequent chances will be given to such student-teachers to re-appear and clear the course s when therelevant semester end examination s are held for the concerned course s.
Only one chance for a course will be given to the student-teachers for improvement of the grades. Anymatter not covered under these Regulations shall be determined by the existing University Rules, Ordinances andthe Manipur University Examination Regulations, mutatis mutandis. The majority of public and private colleges now offer full academic programs online. Even engineering courses that require the manipulation and control of machines and robots [61] that are technically more challenging to learn remotely are subject to distance learning through the internet.
Distance education has a long history, but its popularity and use has grown exponentially as more advanced technology has become available. By , online learning programs were available in the United States in 44 states at the K level. Internet forums , online discussion group and online learning community can contribute to an efficacious distance education experience.
Research shows that socialization plays an important role in some forms of distance education. E-courses are also a viable option for distance learning. There are many available that cover a broad range of topics.
Distance education can be delivered in a paced format similar to traditional campus based models in which learners commence and complete a course at the same time. Paced delivery is currently the most common mode of distance education delivery. Alternatively, some institutions offer self-paced programs that allow for continuous enrollment and the length of time to complete the course is set by the learner's time, skill and commitment levels.
Paced courses may be offered in either synchronous mode, but self-paced courses are almost always offered asynchronously. Each delivery model offers both advantages and disadvantages for students, teachers and institutions. Paced models are a familiar mode as they are used almost exclusively in campus based schools.
Institutes that offer both distance and campus programs usually use paced models as teacher workload, student semester planning, tuition deadlines, exam schedules and other administrative details can be synchronized with campus delivery. Student familiarity and the pressure of deadlines encourages students to readily adapt to and usually succeed in paced models. However, student freedom is sacrificed as a common pace is often too fast for some students and too slow for others. In addition life events, professional or family responsibilities can interfere with a students capability to complete tasks to an external schedule.
Finally, paced models allows students to readily form communities of inquiry [64] and to engage in collaborative work. Self-paced courses maximize student freedom, as not only can students commence studies on any date, but they can complete a course in as little time as a few weeks or up to a year or longer.
This Cyber Security pathway course will increase your expertise in the highly technical area of network security. It implemented rechargeable battery packs for the jacks that were attached to the grid, but experienced regular power interruptions. Online Study has a list of available courses and requirements. The new program, called Telecentre. The idea that digital tools might have something to do with the business of development was no longer heretical; digital tools and the Internet came to have everything to do with both business and development. PCP Classes for Page. Recognize how social and psychological foundations of art education define implications for art learning
Students often enroll in self-paced study when they are under pressure to complete programs, have not been able to complete a scheduled course, need additional courses or have pressure which precludes regular study for any length of time. The self-paced nature of the programming, though is an unfamiliar model for many students and can lead to excessive procrastination resulting in course incompletion. Assessment of learning can also be challenging as exams can be written on any day, making it possible for students to share examination questions with resulting loss of academic integrity.
Finally, it is extremely challenging to organize collaborative work activities, though some schools [65] are developing cooperative models based upon networked and connectivist pedagogies, [66] for use in self-paced programs. Distance learning can expand access to education and training for both general populace and businesses since its flexible scheduling structure lessens the effects of the many time-constraints imposed by personal responsibilities and commitments.
Distance education can also provide a broader method of communication within the realm of education. The distance educational increase in communication, particularly communication amongst students and their classmates, is an improvement that has been made to provide distance education students with as many of the opportunities as possible as they would receive in in-person education.
The improvement being made in distance education is growing in tandem with the constant technological advancements. Present-day online communication allows students to associate with accredited schools and programs throughout the world that are out of reach for in-person learning. By having the opportunity to be involved in global institutions via distance education, a diverse array of thought is presented to students through communication with their classmates.
This is beneficial because students have the opportunity to "combine new opinions with their own, and develop a solid foundation for learning". The high cost of education affects students in higher education, to which distance education may be an alternative in order to provide some relief. Many textbooks are now available as electronic textbooks, known as e-textbooks, which can offer digital textbooks for a reduced price in comparison to traditional textbooks.
Also, the increasing improvements in technology have resulted in many school libraries having a partnership with digital publishers that offer course materials for free, which can help students significantly with educational costs.
Within the class, students are able to learn in ways that traditional classrooms would not be able to provide. It is able to promote good learning experiences and therefore, allow students to obtain higher satisfaction with their online learning. Students can then manipulate the coursework to fit their learning by focusing more on their weaker topics while breezing through concepts that they already have or can easily grasp.
For those in a healthcare or mental health distance learning program, online-based interactions have the potential to foster deeper reflections and discussions of client issues [57] as well as a quicker response to client issues, since supervision happens on a regular basis and is not limited to a weekly supervision meeting. Distance learning may enable students who are unable to attend a traditional school setting, due to disability or illness such as decreased mobility and immune system suppression, to get a good education.
This helps the students have experiences of the classroom and social interaction that they are unable to receive at home or the hospital, while still keeping them in a safe learning environment. Over the last few years [ when? An article from the New York Times , "A Swiveling Proxy Will Even Wear a Tutu", explains the positive impact of virtual learning in the classroom, [75] and another [76] that explains how even a simple, stationary telepresence robot can help. Distance learning may also offer a final opportunity for adolescents that are no longer permitted in the general education population due to behavior disorders.
Instead of these students having no other academic opportunities, they may continue their education from their homes and earn their diplomas, offering them another chance to be an integral part of society. Distance learning offers individuals a unique opportunity to benefit from the expertise and resources of the best universities currently available.
Students have the ability to collaborate, share, question, infer, and suggest new methods and techniques for continuous improvement of the content. The ability to complete a course at a pace that is appropriate for each individual is the most effective manner to learn given the personal demands on time and schedule. Barriers to effective distance education include obstacles such as domestic distractions and unreliable technology, [81] as well as students' program costs, adequate contact with teachers and support services, and a need for more experience.
Some students attempt to participate in distance education without proper training with the tools needed to be successful in the program. Students must be provided with training opportunities if needed on each tool that is used throughout the program. The lack of advanced technology skills can lead to an unsuccessful experience. Schools have a responsibility to adopt a proactive policy for managing technology barriers. The results of a study of Washington state community college students showed that distance learning students tended to drop out more often than their traditional counterparts due to difficulties in language, time management, and study skills.
According to Dr. Pankaj Singhm, director of Nims University , "distance learning benefits may outweigh the disadvantages for students in such a technology-driven society; however before indulging into use of educational technology a few more disadvantages should be considered.
Pankaj Singhm also claims there is a debate to distance education stating, "due to a lack of direct face-to-face social interaction. However, as more people become used to personal and social interaction online for example dating, chat rooms, shopping, or blogging , it is becoming easier for learners to both project themselves and socialize with others.