Orwell's dystopia is a place where humans have no control over their own lives, where nearly every positive feeling is squelched, and where people live in misery, fear, and repression. The dystopian tradition in literature is a relatively modern one and is usually a criticism of the time in which the author lives.
These novels are often political statements, as was Orwell's other dystopian novel, Animal Farm , published in By using a dystopian setting for , Orwell suggests the possibility of a utopia, and then makes very clear, with each horror that takes place, the price humankind pays for "perfect" societies.
Orwell wrote just after World War II ended, wanting it to serve as a warning to his readers. He wanted to be certain that the kind of future presented in the novel should never come to pass, even though the practices that contribute to the development of such a state were abundantly present in Orwell's time.
Orwell lived during a time in which tyranny was a reality in Spain, Germany, the Soviet Union, and other countries, where government kept an iron fist or curtain around its citizens, where there was little, if any freedom, and where hunger, forced labor, and mass execution were common.
Orwell espoused democratic socialism. In his essay, "Why I Write," published in , two years before the publication of , Orwell stated that he writes, among other reasons, from the "[d]esire to push the world in a certain direction, to alter other peoples' idea of the kind of society that they should strive after. The society in , although fictional, mirrors the political weather of the societies that existed all around him.
Orwell's Oceania is a terrifying society reminiscent of Hitler's Germany and Stalin's Soviet Union — complete repression of the human spirit, absolute governmental control of daily life, constant hunger, and the systematic "vaporization" of individuals who do not, or will not, comply with the government's values. Orwell despised the politics of the leaders he saw rise to power in the countries around him, and he despised what the politicians did to the people of those countries.
Big Brother is certainly a fusing of both Stalin and Hitler, both real and terrifying leaders, though both on opposite sides of the philosophical spectrum.
By combining traits from both the Soviet Union's and Germany's totalitarian states, Orwell makes clear that he is staunchly against any form of governmental totalitarianism, either from the left or the right of the political spectrum. By making Big Brother so easily recognizable he is physically similar to both Hitler and Stalin, all three having heavy black mustaches and charismatic speaking styles , Orwell makes sure that the reader of does not mistake his intention — to show clearly how totalitarianism negatively affects the human spirit and how it is impossible to remain freethinking under such circumstances.
Previous Book Summary. Read the cliff notes along with the book.
Refresh and try again. Author Nikki Moustaki. Until now, Winston has been merely another member of the Outer Party, going about his daily routine with little reason to attract attention to himself, except for the unorthodox thoughts inside his head and the diary that he begins in Chapter 1. Order by , and we can deliver your NextDay items by. Pat Winter marked it as to-read Jul 10, If you want NextDay, we can save the other items for later.
It's not cheating, it is just a way to try to make sense of the story. Jul 30, Benjamin Plume rated it it was ok Shelves: classics.
I don't like Cliff's notes. I read this one as a companion to the book, and it helped, but there's an internet for that!
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