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In , there were almost 40 million people worldwide living with HIV, of whom But, he added, maximising the benefits of treatment, particularly for men who have sex with men, has proved difficult. The latest findings reinforce the importance of people taking HIV tests frequently, which could ultimately end the transmission of the virus altogether in the future. This disproportionately affects certain groups, including black African heterosexual men and people aged 65 and older.
However, she added that government funding cuts to specialist health services would make it more difficult to achieve a goal of eliminating transmission by This has incredible impact on the lives of people living with HIV and is a powerful message to address HIV-related stigma. In a linked comment in the journal, Cohen expressed optimism for future treatment of Aids. This and other strategies continue to push us toward the end of Aids. Executive Secretariat.
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End to Aids in sight as huge study finds drugs stop HIV transmission
Embassies and Other Posts. Country Offices Directory. Key Officers of Foreign Service Posts. This way people learn of their own infection status and access necessary prevention and treatment services without delay. WHO also recommends offering testing for partners or couples.
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Additionally, WHO is recommending assisted partner notification approaches so that people with HIV receive support to inform their partners either on their own, or with the help of health care providers. It is fatal if undetected or untreated and is the leading cause of death among people with HIV, responsible for more than 1 of 3 HIV-associated deaths. VMMC is also regarded as a good approach to reach men and adolescent boys who do not often seek health care services. A recent study published in showed that the risk of HIV transmission through sex, where condoms are not used, in serodifferent gay couples is effectively zero when HIV viral load is suppressed through ART treatment.
More than 10 randomized controlled studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of PrEP in reducing HIV transmission among a range of populations including serodiscordant heterosexual couples where one partner is infected and the other is not , men who have sex with men, transgender women, high-risk heterosexual couples, and people who inject drugs.
WHO recommends PEP use for both occupational and non-occupational exposures and for adults and children. People who inject drugs can take precautions against becoming infected with HIV by using sterile injecting equipment, including needles and syringes, for each injection and not sharing drug using equipment and drug solutions. Treatment of dependence, and in particular opioid substitution therapy for people dependent on opioids, also helps reduce the risk of HIV transmission and supports adherence to HIV treatment.
A comprehensive package of interventions for HIV prevention and treatment includes:. MTCT can be nearly fully prevented if both the mother and the baby are provided with ARV drugs as early as possible in pregnancy and during the period of breastfeeding.
Several countries with a high burden of HIV infection are also progressing along the path to elimination. ART does not cure HIV infection but suppresses viral replication within a person's body and allows an individual's immune system to strengthen and regain the capacity to fight off infections.
In , WHO released the second edition of the Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection. These guidelines recommend to provide lifelong ART to all people living with HIV, including children, adolescents and adults, pregnant and breastfeeding women, regardless of clinical status or CD4 cell count. Transition to dolutegravir has already started in 82 low- and middle-income countries and is expected to improve the durability of the treatment and the quality of care of people living with HIV.
Despite improvements, limited options remain for infants and young children. For this reason, WHO and partners are coordinating efforts to enable a faster and more effective development and introduction of age-appropriate pediatric formulations of antiretrovirals. In addition, 1 in 3 people living with HIV present to care with advanced disease, at low CD4 counts and at high risk of serious illness and death. In , However, more efforts are needed to scale up treatment, particularly for children and adolescents. Expanding access to treatment is at the heart of a set of targets for which aim to bring the world on track to end the AIDS epidemic by The strategy includes 5 strategic directions that guide priority actions by countries and by WHO over the next six years.
Key facts HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 32 million lives so far. In , people died from HIV-related causes globally. There were approximately